What Are The Major Types Of Cardiac Surgery?

Various types of heart surgery are conducted to address the many types of heart problems. Cardiac surgeons are those specialized in various types of heart surgery.

If you have a cardiac problem, you need proper diagnosis and treatment and most ideally by the best cardiac surgeon in India. For this you can make some enquiries.

The following are the major types of cardiac surgery:

CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING:

Referred to as C.A.B.G , it is one of the common versions of cardiac surgery.  It enhances blood flow to the heart. It is mainly used to treat Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). CHD mainly occurs when Plaque- a waxy substance accumulates  inside the coronary arteries. Such arteries perform the important function of supplying blood rich in oxygen into the heart. Hardened plaque blocks this function. This causes discomfort or pain called as Angina. When plaque ruptures, it forms a blood clot which can totally block blood flow via the coronary artery. This is the main reason for Heart Attack.

During CABG, a healthy vein or artery from any part of the body is grafted or connected to the  coronary artery which is blocked. This vein or artery by-passes the blocked portion of the coronary artery. Thus anew path is created for flow of blood to the heart. If required, surgeons may bypass several blocked coronary arteries in one procedure.

TRANSMYOCARDIAL LASER REVASCULARIZATION:

Also referred to as TMR, it is used to alleviate Angina. It is used when most other treatments do not work. In the TMR surgery, the surgeon makes small channels via the heart muscle and into the left chamber of the heart (left ventricle). This surgery may help in the growth of small  blood vessels in the heart which enhance blood flow and relive Angina.

HEART VALVE REPLACEMENT OR REPAIR:

Heart valves are responsible for the proper flow of blood in one direction. Heart surgery is done to correct valves that do not work normally. To fix this, surgeons either repair such valves or replace them with biologic or synthetic valves. A Catheter (flexible, thin tube) may be inserted through a big blood vessel and guided to the heart. Much research is being done to use catheters for various types of valve surgeries.

ARRHYTHMIA TREATMENT:

A condition of Arrhythmia is one of irregular heart beat. The first treatment line is using drugs. If they don’t work surgery is recommended like implanting of Pacemaker or ICD ( Implantable Cardioverter  Defibrillator).  A pacemaker is a tiny device, connected to heart chamber by wires. It uses electrical pulses of low energy to control the rhythm of the heart.

ANEURISM REPAIR:

An Aneurism is a ballooning or abnormal bulge in the artery wall.  This happens when walls weaken. An aneurism can burst and cause fatal bleeding in the body. It can be removed by surgery by replacing weak part with graft or patch.

HEART TRANSPLANT:

It is a surgery which involves a heart that is diseased being restored with a heart that is healthy sourced from a donor who is deceased. Heart transplants may be conducted on patients who have weak or damaged heart such that it cannot pump sufficient  blood for the body.

The best cardiac surgeon in India  will diagnose your cardiac condition and suggest appropriate treatment. You can agree to the type of surgery based on the type of cardiac problem diagnosed.